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Inca Empire
Origin of the Great Inca Empire

The scientific history admits the contributions of the popular literature tinged with myths, legends and beautiful stories about the Incas origin. It also shares with the people, the advances of the scientific research in the field of the history with its auxiliary sources of the ethnology, ethno history, linguistics and archaeology.

As a result of patient works, especially in the field of the archeology, Peruvian people must know the Inca Empire originated in Cusco valley as a result of a long process of development and social evolution of pre Inca settlements of this beautiful valley whose initial population is dated 1,000 years before Christ.

This first settlement is called The Marcavalle; then, this was followed by The Chanapata that appear dated 800 years before Christ, and in this long process of development and social evolution. They became in good farmer and pastured camelidos, llamas and alpacas controlling the three ecologic stages: Puna, Yunka and Qeshwa with its center the Cusco.

This long period of occupation called Formative of the Andean Culture that lasted 1,600 years, was enough to make progress in agricultural technology and prepare fields of farming with irrigation for the maize which was the base of the economy of these settlements that worked many centuries in this valley and with our excavations in Marcavalle, Pikikalli and Wimpillay, we can state that the maize offerings in the graves were of great importance, as well as slices of meat of camelidos, ceramics and other handicrafts, enough proof that let outline the paradigm about the evolution of the Andean culture in the Cusco valley and surroundings, proposing the social development level and in this first millennium the birth of the Ayllu, andean institution that at the present is in effect.

60 years after Christ, The Qotakalli human settlements occupied this wide valley; then, 800 years A.C. the killki followed them and finally 1,100 years A.C. the Lucre did; an important settlement into the Cusco history and archeology, because they were responsible for expelling the Wari invaders who arrived in Cusco in 750 A.C. . These Ayacucho and Apurimac Wari settlements were the builders of Pikillaqta, a city that consists of over 700 buildings and 200 of them were of two floors, located in Luke district at 30 minutes by car on asphalt road where we also excavated identifying the Wari ceramics and its architectural model of settlement.

The Wari were driven off Cusco in a bloody battle until exterminating them. The Cusco people became in the only owners of their territory so they decided to organize themselves and elected the first governor who was called Inca. He would have assumed command 1200 years A.C. The condition of these Cusco settlements deprived us of knowing his name as well as the names of his following successors. In order to fill the empty, they created a mythic history which will be repeated from generation to generation including creation legends and myths as well as names of successors in the Inca government which is admitted by scientific history like mythic Incas to all that relation of emperors that begins with Manco Capac until before Inca Yupanqui better known as PACHAKUTI
   
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